Flying within Brazil isn't cheap, but the huge size of the country makes taking at least a couple of flights almost a necessity. Compare prices online, then find a representative travel agent; otherwise, if you plan to take more than a couple of internal flights, a Brazil Airpass is a money-saver though it is time- restrictive. Domestic departure tax is around USD$ 5.00 and is often included in the price of your ticket.

Except in the Amazon Basin, buses are the primary form of long-distance transport for most Brazilians, and services are generally both excellent and punctual, with all major cities linked by frequent buses. Conversely, there are very few railway passenger services in Brazil. Enthusiasts should not despair however, as some wonderful touristic railway routes remain in operation, including the Curitiba-Paranaguá run.

Although river travel in Brazil has decreased due to the construction of a comprehensive road network, it is still possible to travel by boat between some of the cities of the Rio São Francisco and along the Amazon, where road travel is generally not a practical option.

Driving around Brazil is, ahem, an experience: it's anarchic and spectacularly dangerous, particularly at night, when livestock wander onto highways and potholes cannot be spotted. Though a convenient way to get to many parts of the country, driving should only be undertaken by those with tidy documents, adequate insurance and strong nerves for dealing with police. It goes without saying that Brazil is not the ideal country for long cycling trips, though some do attempt it.